Asian Journal of Home Science

Princy ¹, Tejpreet Kaur Kang ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, HU
2 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Happiness is a multidimensional construct comprising of emotional and cognitive elements. It is related with positive emotions whereas intellectual, emotional and spiritual growth balance our material pursuits and make us happy. Happiness can be achieved provided one has the wisdom of discovery, the wisdom of contentment, the wisdom of gratitude, the wisdom of giving and wisdom of self-actualization. Spirituality is to some extent an one-to-one communication with the divine without the influence of any organization or a set of dogmatic views. It is based more on personal experiences rather than the experience of others. Religion may be defined as a way of life revealed in emotional expressions and inspired by faith in God or in a "supernatural power" which controls and guides the action of man and the destiny of world. Man often feels that his life is incomplete and imperfect. He longs for perfection. This longing makes him to seek the help of some "supernatural power" which can do for him things that he cannot do for himself. Hence, the objectives of the present research were framed to study the state of happiness, spirituality and religiosity among male and female elderly and to study the relationship and contribution of spirituality and religiosity towards the state of happiness. The sample comprised of 360 elderly persons (180 males and 180 females) in the age group 65years and above, only those elderly were selected for the sample who were leading a retired life, were not suffering from any deadly disease and belonged to middle socio-economic status families. The sample was equally distributed over the three cultural zones of Punjab naming Malwa, Majha and Doaba. Data were collected through questionnaire-cum-interview method. Results revealed that significantly more happiness was perceived by elderly males as compared to their female counterparts. Positive and significant relation between spirituality and state of happiness but non-significant relation between religiosity and state of happiness among elderly were found. Correlation analysis showed positive and significant relationship of happiness with spirituality but negative and non-significant relationship of happiness with religiosity among elderly.

Keywords

Happiness, Religiosity, Spirituality,old Age

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Vandana Kanwar ¹, Asha Chawla ², Princy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

Agriculture has always been a significant factor in the sustainability and development of human society. Unfortunately, the important role of agriculture as a foundation for a secure and durable civilization is not always apparent to those outside of agriculture. The present research was framed to study socio-personal characteristics and gender difference in awareness regarding agriculture among rural school going adolescents and to study the correlation of socio-personal characteristics and gender differences in awareness regarding agriculture among rural school going adolescents. A sample comprised of 120 rural school- going adolescents was purposively selected from two villages of Ludhiana district. Socio-economic status scale (AICRP) has been used to measure the socio-economic status of the respondent. Self- structured questionnaire was used to gather information regarding awareness level with respect to agriculture. Results revealed that awareness level of adolescent girls about agriculture was comparatively higher than their counterparts. Correlation analysis also found that there is no significant relationship in respondents' socio-economic characteristics and their awareness level regarding agriculture.

Keywords

Agriculture Awareness, Adolescents, Socio-Personal Characteristics.

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